What types of alloys are included in titanium alloys?
Titanium alloys are alloys that are based on titanium and improve their properties by adding other elements (such as aluminum, vanadium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, iron, etc.). Titanium alloys are widely used in aerospace, medical, military, chemical and other fields due to their excellent strength to light ratio, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and biocompatibility. According to the different alloy elements, titanium alloys can be divided into different types. The following are the common types of titanium alloys and their main components and characteristics:
Alpha titanium alloy
Main components: titanium and a small amount of aluminum, tin and other elements.
Features: Alpha-type titanium alloys are single-phase alloys with good weldability, ductility and corrosion resistance, but relatively low strength. Due to their good plasticity, alpha-type alloys are usually used in applications where strength is not required, but good corrosion resistance and formability are required.
Application: Widely used in chemical, marine, marine, construction, and other industries, especially in low-temperature environments.
Common alloys:
TA1 (pure titanium) and TA2 (pure titanium) are common alpha-type alloys with good machinability and corrosion resistance.
Beta-type titanium alloy (β-type titanium alloy)
Main components: titanium and other beta-stabilizing elements (such as molybdenum, vanadium, chromium, manganese, etc.).
Features: Beta-type titanium alloys are single-phase alloys with high strength and hardness, good machinability, and good heat treatment response. Beta-type titanium alloys can maintain good strength at high temperatures. They usually have higher tensile strength and hardness than alpha-type titanium alloys, but have poorer plasticity and toughness.
Application: Mainly used in high-strength applications, such as aerospace, military equipment, pressure vessels, etc.
Common alloys:
Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al (ie Beta alloy), with good strength and machinability, is widely used in high-strength structural parts.
α + β titanium alloy
Main components: titanium alloys containing alpha and beta phases, usually containing alloying elements such as aluminum, molybdenum, vanadium, and iron.
Features: α + β-type titanium alloys combine the advantages of α-type and β-type titanium alloys, including the good weldability and ductility of α-type titanium alloys and the high strength of β-type titanium alloys. After heat treatment, α + β-type alloys achieve higher strength and better plasticity, thus achieving a balance between high strength and corrosion resistance.
Application: Widely used in aerospace, automotive, chemical, medical and other industries, especially those structural parts that require high strength and corrosion resistance.
Common alloys:
Ti-6Al-4V: This is the most common α + β titanium alloy, containing 6% aluminum and 4% vanadium. It has high strength, good corrosion resistance and good solderability, and is widely used in aerospace, medical (such as artificial joints), military and other fields.
Ti-5Al-2.5Sn: This alloy has good weldability and high strength, and is mainly used in the aviation and military industries.
Titanium-aluminum alloy (titanium-aluminum base alloy)
Main components: titanium and aluminum, the content of aluminum is usually high, and the titanium content is usually around 90%.
Features: Titanium-aluminum alloys have high high temperature strength and oxidation resistance, especially in high temperature environments. They are widely used in aerospace and engine parts. Due to their light weight and high strength, titanium-aluminum alloys are considered a promising high-performance material.
Application: Mainly used in high-temperature and lightweight structural components, especially in the aerospace and military fields.
Common alloys:
TiAl alloy: widely used in the manufacture of high-temperature, corrosion-resistant components, such as turbine blades.
Titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloy
Main components: titanium, aluminum and vanadium, with vanadium content generally between 4% and 6%.
Features: Titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloys have high strength and hardness, especially at high temperatures, with good stability. Its high temperature strength and oxidation resistance are better than traditional titanium alloys, and are mainly used in high temperature environments.
Application: It is often used in large-scale equipment such as aircraft engines, high-temperature equipment, and military fields that need to work under high temperature and high pressure.
Common alloys:
Ti-6Al-4V alloy: with high strength and corrosion resistance, it is widely used in aerospace and biomedical applications.
Titanium alloy of pure titanium (commercial pure titanium)
Main components: Titanium content is usually above 99%.
Features: Commercial pure titanium has excellent corrosion resistance and biocompatibility, but its strength is relatively low. Due to its excellent corrosion resistance, pure titanium is widely used in marine, medical, chemical and other environments that require strong corrosion resistance.
Application: Widely used in medical implants, chemical equipment, marine equipment, etc.
Common alloys:
Grade 1. Grade 2. Grade 3: These three grades of pure titanium have good corrosion resistance in various environments, with Grade 1 having the best ductility and Grade 3 having the highest strength.
Special alloys of titanium alloys (e.g. titanium-molybdenum alloys, titanium-zirconium alloys, etc.)
Main components: Depending on the alloy, it usually contains elements such as titanium, molybdenum, zirconium, and tungsten.
Features: These alloys have special properties such as high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and radiation resistance, and are usually used in specialized industrial fields.
Application: Mainly used in nuclear energy, chemical industry, and high-temperature environments.
Common alloys:
Ti-Mo (titanium-molybdenum alloy): It has good high temperature strength and oxidation resistance and is often used in aero-engine components.
Ti-Zr (titanium-zirconium alloy): It has excellent corrosion resistance and is mainly used in the chemical industry and nuclear energy.
Summarize:
Alpha-type titanium alloys are suitable for applications that require good ductility and corrosion resistance, such as chemical and marine applications.
Beta-type titanium alloys are suitable for applications requiring high-strength, high-temperature environments, such as aviation and military applications.
Alpha + beta titanium alloy: a common type of titanium alloy, widely used in aerospace, automotive and other industries.
Titanium-aluminum alloy and titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloy: suitable for high temperature environments, widely used in aero-engines, military fields, etc.
Pure titanium: with its excellent corrosion resistance and biocompatibility, it is widely used in medical, chemical, marine and other fields.
According to the proportion of alloying elements, different types of titanium alloys meet the needs of different fields in terms of strength, corrosion resistance, and machinability.
